The Biggest Threat to America's Food Supply Ever is Coming Fast

No...I am not talking the imported gluten fiasco that is a predictable consequence of the irresponsible Republican attack on government. I am talking about the massive and rapid die off of honeybees, the critter responsible for pollinating about 1/3 of our food supply.

Most of you won't pay much attention to this, unless you are a farmer and then you probably know how important honeybees are to crops. But most people will ignore this crisis until that 1/3 of our food supply fails.

I have been warning about this for over a year now, warning that the loss of the honeybee is a major threat to our food supply, most recently here. Each time I write about it the situation looks worse.

For awhile now honeybees have been declining alarmingly. A mite infestation seemed to be the primary cause of this decline that has worried scientists and agricultural experts alike. But starting last fall, the decline took an alarming turn, with entire colonies suddenly dying en masse in what almost looked like a bee version of AIDS. The few living bees found in hives that had died off were found to have multiple infections as if their immune system had stopped working. According to a recent article in Science, beekeepers in 26 states have lost up to 50% of their colonies this winter to CCD. Again, this is on top of earlier die offs due to mites and other infections in past years. This more recent, more dramatic die off has been called Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD).

The alarm on this is spreading, with even America's Agriculture Secretary taking notice.

From Salon.com:

Honeybees don't just make honey; they pollinate more than 90 of the tastiest flowering crops we have. Among them: apples, nuts, avocados, soybeans, asparagus, broccoli, celery, squash and cucumbers. And lots of the really sweet and tart stuff, too, including citrus fruit, peaches, kiwi, cherries, blueberries, cranberries, strawberries, cantaloupe and other melons.

In fact, about one-third of the human diet comes from insect-pollinated plants, and the honeybee is responsible for 80 percent of that pollination, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Even cattle, which feed on alfalfa, depend on bees. So if the collapse worsens, we could end up being "stuck with grains and water," said Kevin Hackett, the national program leader for USDA's bee and pollination program.

"This is the biggest general threat to our food supply," Hackett said...

"This crisis threatens to wipe out production of crops dependent on bees for pollination," Agriculture Secretary Mike Johanns said in a statement.

Global warming remains the biggest threat of our generation, but CCD is a more immediate threat to our food supply. We will be feeling this as early as next year if things continue.

Honey prices have gone up due to the die off. The almond industry in facing a crisis. But these are relatively minor to the economy as a whole. But a third of American (and world) agriculture depends on bees. The collapse of the bee population would mean a collapse in agriculture...which would be HUGELY catastrophic to our economy. No, I DON'T predict widespread hunger in the US, but it could cause a major economic crisis here and make worldwide food crises much worse.

For more info on this issue, please go here (most of their links are pdf's) and here.

Beekeepers (any out there among our readers???) are asked to participate in this survey to help monitor the situation. And to find out more about how to help protect our primary pollinator, email km@coevolution.org (the Pollinator Partnership) and ask what you can do in your area (tell them you read about it at Culture Kitchen!).


mole333's picture

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Devin Rose's picture

I keep honeybees in Austin

I keep honeybees in Austin and have been following the stories on CCD on the bee forums and bee magazines. There is a new growth in organic beekeeping methods that I am using and many others are as well, and from what I have read of these organic beekeepers, they have not been hit by CCD nearly as much.


mole333's picture

Thanks!

I would love it if you could go into more detail. What is organic beekeeping. It isn't clear to me what the difference would be. What is the actual data that they are being hit less...do you have some references? How extensive are the studies? What practices in particular correlate with lower incidence of CCD.

I am very interested in this as both a consumer and a biologist and would love it if you could post more.


Devin Rose's picture

Organic beekeeping methods

Organic beekeeping methods include:
* Letting the bees build the comb themselves instead of giving them "foundation" (wax with the honeycomb imprinted onto it that they then extrude), which let's them build comb cells that are smaller in size and thus allow faster capping of the brood larva, allowing less time for mites to infest them

* Breeding hygienic bees that clean mites off themselves and each other and then using screened bottom boards so the mites fall to the ground and can't get back onto the bees.

* Avoiding antibiotics and chemicals (often used for mite control)

* Not messing with the bees overmuch (beekeepers have a zillion different ways of "stopping the bees from swarming" or forcing them to make more honey or otherwise trying to thwart whatever it is they are doing that beekeepers don't want them to do)

The evidence so far is anecdotal as it is so early in the investigation of the disorder, but this organic beekeeping movement has been going on for some decades and the most prominent organic beekeepers have not been hit by this disorder.

We will see what develops!


mole333's picture

Thanks

I encourage you to write about organic bee keeping and how it relates to mites and to CCD and post in the forums secition. Probably not too many people realize how important the decline of the honeybee will be, but this is a good forum to discuss it. We have a large and diverse readership.


Margaret Bassett's picture

Tennessee papers have been reporting this

Is there any way of knowing which parts of the country are hit hardest? The last time reports on bees came out (probably the mite plague) we had some very dry years. Blount County was and is in a "near drought" category.
Harking back to the Dust Bowl days, I remember cut worms and grasshoppers which were ready to eat what crops there were. I think High Country News has had articles on grasshopper infestations out West.


mole333's picture

Best I can find

This is the best map I can find. Doesn't tell which of the affected states are MORE affected, but Tennessee isn't one of them yet. Most of the articles I see don't really go into detain on geography, but I am getting the biological gestalt rather than the agricultural details.

I am sure Tennessee will be hit soon. I would like to hear more about the "organic" techniques the person above says may protect. I am also looking into other programs trying to help preserve bees, but I am no expert in this. Here and here are some links I have not had a chance to go through in detail yet. I first read about this in the scientific journals Science and Nature and those usually fairly calm journals had some pretty worried articles about it.


Margaret Bassett's picture

agricultural angle

I think I'll look in the Dept of AG's agricultural agents pages.


Margaret Bassett's picture

I thought about Dept of Ag &

finally, I came up with a good source with political significance. Tom Harkin. He's on agricultural committees in the Senate, and it's for sure he is an original Progressive. Iowa is a good place to have a man like him. I didn't search everything he thinks about fair trade and safe food supplies and globalization. But those old-time ADA types think about people at the elementary level. Three squares and a roof over the head.
All of this comes from the prospective of the importance of dirt farmers the world over. After all, no one cares more about honey bees and plenty of healthy birds.


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